Numbers

Integers

Decimal: 123 
Octal: 0123 
Hexadecimal: 0x123

Long integers

• Append an uppercase (or lowercase) "L" to the number.
• There is no fundamental size limit for long integers.
• Integers and long integers are unified starting from release 2.2 (the L suffix is no longer required).

Floating-point numbers

• aka "Floats"
  
• In "e" notation, the integer and exponent are always decimal values.

3.14
10.
.001
1e100
3.14e-10

Imaginary numbers

123j
123J

• Append a lowercase (or uppercase) letter "j" to a float.

Complex numbers

123+456j 

• Complex literals are represented by combining a float and an imaginary number.
• To extract the real and imaginary parts, use the "real" and "imag" methods.

x = 123+456j
print x.real, x.imag